What is this Condition?

Macular degeneration - atrophy or degeneration of the macular disk, located near the center of the retina - accounts for about 12% of all cases of blindness in North America and for about 17% of new cases. Among the elderly, macular degeneration is one of the leading causes of blindness.

Two types of age-related macular degeneration occur. The dry form is characterized by atrophic pigment epithelial changes and is most often associated with slow, progressive, and mild vision loss. The wet form causes rapidly progressive and severe vision loss.

What Causes it?

Age-related macular degeneration results from hardening and obstruction of the retina’s arteries, probably reflecting normal degenerative changes. No predisposing conditions have been identified. However, it may be hereditary.

What are its Symptoms?

The person notices a change in central vision, such as a blank spot in the center of the page when reading.

How is it Diagnosed?

An eye examination may reveal dramatic macular changes. In an angiogram of the eye, sequential photographs may show leaking vessels as a special dye flows into the tissues from the network of blood vessels behind the retina. An Amsler’s grid test reveals visual field loss.

How is it Treated?

Laser photocoagulation can reduce the incidence of severe vision loss in some people.

What can a Person with Age-Related Macular Degeneration do?

Be aware that special devices, such as low-vision optical aids, are available to improve your quality of life if you still have adequate peripheral vision.